MATTER, DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY

MATTER, DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY IN THE UNIVERSE

     Matter consists of stars gas and dust in the universe that are visible through the telescope.

    Meanwhile science has developed a lot and the latest telescopes are able to look into the depths of the Universe. With the increase of the scientific knowledge mysteries of the universe have also increased. Some such mysteries are black matter and black energy.

     Astrophysicists found lot of discrepancies between the mass of large astronomical bodies as calculated from observation of stars gas and dust and as from their gravitational effect. As per their calculations these bodies would have been thrown out of their central binding force. But they are intact. This forced them to think that some other invisible force might be binding them together. This led to the understanding of the existence of dark matter in the universe.

     The dark matter cannot be seen through telescopes since it cannot emit light. It also cannot absorb light. It also cannot emit or absorb electromagnetic radiation. Its presence is only felt by its gravitational effects on the visible matter. The total mass-energy of the universe contains 4.9% of visible matter, 26.8% of dark matter and 68.3% of dark energy. Many cosmologists think that the dark matter is composed of a not yet charecterized subatomic particle. Search for the same is going on very effectively in the particle physics today. There is a theory that Higgs Boson particle which is responsible for the mass in the universe might decay into dark matter. But this has to be confirmed in future.

     Dark energy is a kind of energy that spreads uniformly throughout the universe. This dark energy is supposed to cause the expansion of the universe. The density of dark energy is very  low. Its value is 6.91x10 to the power -17 kgs/cu. m.(6.91x10^-17 kgs/cu. m.). It is much less than the ordinary matter or dark matter. However It dominates the mass-energy of the universe as the space occupied by it is enormous compared with matter or dark matter.

     With the experiments in Large Hadron Collider etc., astrophysicists are keen to find several secrets on the creation of the universe within few years.